The College of Physicians and Surgeons was founded in New York City in 1807. During most of the nineteenth century, the College of Physicians and Surgeons had an on-again, off-again relationship with its neighbor Columbia University. In 1891 the College officially became a unit within Columbia University.

Works Consulted: "Columbia College of Physicians and Surgeons," Wikipedia, 12 December 2005, ; "Description and History," College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, 12 December 2005, .